Gulu la Zida Zachipatala.

Mikhalidwe yofunikira kuti zida zachipatala zipitilize kupititsa patsogolo sayansi ya zamankhwala ndi ukadaulo ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chaukadaulo wamakono.Zida zachipatala zakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo chamankhwala chamakono.Kukula kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kumadalira kwambiri chitukuko cha zida, ndipo ngakhale pa chitukuko cha makampani azachipatala, kupambana kwake kumagwiranso ntchito yaikulu.Zipangizo zachipatala zimatanthauza zida. , zida, zida, zida, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha kapena kuphatikiza pathupi la munthu, kuphatikizanso mapulogalamu ofunikira. Zamankhwala zida zachipatala zimakhala ndi gawo lina lothandizira.Panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito, cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga zotsatirazi: kupewa, kuzindikira, kuchiza, kuyang'anira, kukhululukidwa kwa matenda;matenda, chithandizo, kuyang'anira, kukhululukidwa ndi malipiro a kuvulala kapena kulemala;kufufuza, kusintha ndi kusintha kwa anatomical kapena physiological process;ndi kuletsa mimba.

Gulu la Zida Zachipatala

Pali mitundu itatu yamagulu yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri pazida zamankhwala, zomwe ndi zida zowunikira, zida zochizira, ndi zida zothandizira.

1. Zida zowunikira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi atatu: zida zowunikira ma X-ray, zida zowunikira akupanga, zida zowunikira ntchito, zida za endoscopy, zida zamankhwala a nyukiliya, zida zowunikira ma laboratory ndi zida zowunikira matenda.

2. Zida zochizira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu a 10: zida zoyamwitsa zachipatala (mabedi odwala, ngolo, masilindala okosijeni, makina otsuka m'mimba, ma syringe opanda singano, ndi zina);zida zopangira opaleshoni (mabedi opangira opaleshoni, zida zowunikira, zida zopangira opaleshoni ndi matebulo osiyanasiyana ndi ma racks) , Zimbudzi, makabati, kuphatikizapo zida za microsurgery);zida za radiotherapy (makina ochizira, makina osaya, makina ochizira kwambiri, accelerator, makina 60 a cobalt therapy, radium kapena 137 cesium intracavitary therapy ndi chithandizo chazida zoyikira, etc.);Njira zothandizira mankhwala a zida za nyukiliya zimaphatikizapo chithandizo cha ma radiation amkati, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi colloid;zida zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala (zambiri, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi: bizinesi ya phototherapy, zida za electrotherapy, chithandizo cha ultrasound ndi zida za sulfure);zida za laser- Medical laser jenereta (yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ruby ​​​​laser, helium-neon laser, carbon dioxide laser, argon ion laser ndi YAG laser, etc.);zida zochizira matenda a dialysis (impso zopanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo impso zopanga zamtundu wathyathyathya ndi impso zopanga za tubular);Zida zoziziritsira kutentha kwa thupi (mipeni yozizira ya semiconductor, mpeni wozizira wa gasi, mpeni wozizira, etc.);zida zothandizira (mtima defibrillation ndi pacing zida, yokumba mpweya mpweya, akupanga atomizer, etc.);zida zina zothandizira (hyperbaric oxygen chamber, ophthalmology high Frequency chromium yamagetsi, electromagnetic iron absorber, vitreous cutter, separator blood, etc.).Zonsezi ndi zida zapadera zothandizira dipatimenti iliyonse, ngati n'koyenera, zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu osiyana.

3. Zida zothandizira zingagawidwe m'magulu otsatirawa: zipangizo zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zowononga, zipangizo za firiji, makina otsekemera apakati ndi mpweya, zipangizo zamagetsi, makina opangira mankhwala, zida za banki ya magazi, zida zopangira deta zachipatala, mavidiyo azachipatala ndi zipangizo zojambulira zithunzi, ndi zina.

Ntchito

Zida zamankhwala ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha kusinthika kwamakono, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazachipatala, kafukufuku wasayansi, kuphunzitsa ndi kufufuza, ndi kuphunzitsa, komanso ndiye maziko opitilira kuwongolera sayansi yamankhwala ndiukadaulo.Kukula kwa maphunziro azachipatala kumadalira kwambiri pakukula kwa zida, komanso kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri.Choncho, zipangizo zamankhwala zakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri la mankhwala amakono.Zipangizo zamankhwala zimatanthauza zida, zida, zida, zida, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pathupi la munthu lokha kapena kuphatikiza, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu ofunikira;zotsatira zake pamtunda ndi thupi la munthu sizipezeka ndi mankhwala, immunological kapena kagayidwe kachakudya, koma Njirazi zitha kutenga nawo mbali ndikuchita nawo gawo lina lothandizira;kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kumafuna kukwaniritsa zolinga zotsatirazi:

(1) Kupewa, kuzindikira, kuchiza, kuyang'anira ndi kuchepetsa matenda;

Zida zamankhwala akatswiri

(2) Kuzindikira, chithandizo, kuyang'anira, kuchepetsa, ndi malipiro a kuvulala kapena kulemala;

(3) Kafukufuku, m'malo, ndi kusintha kwa machitidwe a anatomical kapena physiological;

(4) Kuletsa mimba.

Zofunikira zaukadaulo

Palibe magetsi m'chipatala.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatha, ikhoza kuwopseza miyoyo ya odwala.Mofananamo, zida zamankhwala sizingathe kuzimitsidwa.Chifukwa chake, zida zamankhwala zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pazowunikira zamagetsi.Choncho, pali zizindikiro zapadera pakupanga mabatire a zipangizo zachipatala.

Kufunika kwa zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi ku China kukukulirakulira kuposa kuchuluka kwapadziko lonse lapansi - kuchuluka kwa anthu komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu okalamba omwe akuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka komanso kuzindikira kwaumoyo kwa anthu motsogozedwa ndi mfundo zadziko, chidziwitso chamankhwala komanso kusintha kwaukadaulo.Kufunika kwa msika wazinthu zamagetsi zamankhwala ku China kukupitilizabe kukula mwachangu.

Kuonjezera apo, China yayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Ndondomeko ya Zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri za 12, momwe chitukuko chamtsogolo cha zipangizo zachipatala chili ndi zolinga zitatu izi: 1) Kufulumizitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale a zachipatala apanyumba;2) Kukhazikitsa dongosolo logwirizana logula zinthu;3) Mabungwe azachipatala apakhomo Chofunika kwambiri ndi kugula zida zachipatala zapakhomo.Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa ndondomeko yokonzanso zachipatalayi, opanga zida zachipatala zapakhomo akonzekera zonse kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wosowa chitukukochi kuti apange mbadwo watsopano wa zida zachipatala.

Kuwonjezera pa zipangizo zachipatala zomwe ziyenera kutsata miyezo yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi, zinthu zina monga ntchito zoyambira komanso ngati mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwirizana ndi zofunikira ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa thanzi la wodwalayo lidzakhudzidwa mwachindunji kapena molakwika.Komabe, pazida zamagetsi zamagetsi zokhudzana ndi chisamaliro cha odwala, chithandizo chamankhwala, kuyang'anira zaumoyo, kapena kusanthula zithunzi, ngati magetsi akulephera, kulephera kwamagetsi, kapena zovuta zina, zotsatira zake zimakhudza thanzi la wodwalayo, komanso zimakhudzanso thanzi la wodwalayo. thanzi.Zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kapena kosatha.

Tengani zida za labotale kapena zida zowunikira monga chitsanzo.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikavuta, ogwira ntchito zachipatala sangathe kuzindikira matendawo munthawi yake, ndipo nthawi zina amafunikiranso kuyezetsa kangapo.Izi zidzawononga nthawi ndikuwonjezera malingaliro a ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi odwala.katundu.

Kuonjezera apo, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ikalephera, ngakhale sichikhala vuto la chitetezo mwamsanga, sichidzatha kugwira ntchito zake zofunika.Chifukwa chake, opanga zida zachipatala sayenera kungotsegula zitseko zopangira zida zomwe zimapangidwira, komanso moyo wonse wazinthu Zowopsa zomwe zimayendetsedwa nthawi zonse mkati kuti zipewe kulephera kwa zida.

Makhalidwe

Zida zamankhwala m'njira zambiri zimaphatikizapo zida zachipatala ndi zida zachipatala zapakhomo, pomwe zida zamankhwala zamaluso siziphatikiza zida zachipatala zapakhomo.Zitha kuwoneka kuti ngakhale kuti ali ogwirizana kwambiri, alinso ubale wophatikizana, ndipo kusiyana kobisika sikovuta kuwona.

Kukonza ndi kukonza zida zazikulu zachipatala, kukhazikitsa zida ndi kuchotsera zida ndi imodzi mwantchito zazikulu za dipatimenti ya zida m'chipatala.Zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi chitetezo chogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo, kuyendera ndi kuyesa zida zachipatala zachipatala, ndi Mgwirizano ndi kupitiriza ntchito zachipatala m'chipatala chonse.Mfundo yaikulu ya chitukuko ndi mapangidwe a dongosolo ndi momwe dipatimenti ya zida imagwiritsira ntchito anthu ochepa, chuma chakuthupi ndi zinthu zochepa.Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonetsetsa kuti zida zogwiritsiridwa ntchito moyenera poganizira zotsika mtengo kuti zikwaniritse zowongolera zapamwamba.Mutu.

Kutengera kukhazikika kwa kukonza zida zachipatala, nkhaniyi imagwiritsa ntchito ma code code a digito ndi zida zodziwerengera zokha kuti apange mafayilo okonzera ndi kukonza zida, komanso ziwerengero zapakompyuta zokhuza kukonza zida, kukonza, kuyika, ndi zida zomwe zidatha.

Zolinga zopanga dongosolo

Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera dongosololi kuchokera ku makhalidwe angapo a dongosolo, poyang'ana pa kupereka lingaliro lachitukuko, osati dongosolo losavuta.

Wanzeru

Dongosolo lalikulu loyang'anira zida zachipatala siliyenera kungobwereza machitidwe amanja, liyenera kukhala pulogalamu yokhala ndi machitidwe anzeru.Dongosololi lili ndi ma module angapo a EOQ, okhazikitsa mwapadera chikumbutso cha alamu yokonza zida.Chidutswa cha zida zokonzedwanso chikatumizidwa kugawo la zida kuti chikonzere, kompyutayo imangokumbukira (malinga ndi tsiku lotha ntchito ya chipangizocho) chifukwa wopangayo sanakonze panthawi yake.Alamu imagawidwa m'magulu atatu (ndi ma alarm omveka komanso owoneka).Nthawi zambiri, dongosololi likakhala lolowera, limatenga mtundu wa module ya seva, ndikuyiyang'ana kamodzi pakanthawi.Ngati zida zokonzedwazo ziyenera kukonzedwa, dongosololi lidzagwiritsa ntchito ma alarm ndi ma alarm pamawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito kuti akumbutse injiniyayo mwachangu.

Dongosololi limapereka ma module a magulu a zida, kasamalidwe ka zida, kasamalidwe ka zida zosinthira, kasamalidwe ka chidziwitso, kutulutsa lipoti ndi kusanthula mawerengero, omwe amatha kusanthula ziwerengero pazizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zantchito yokonza, ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zowunikira mawerengero monga matebulo.Monga ziwerengero zokonza zida zokonzera, kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zidatumizidwa kuti ziwonedwe, kuchuluka kwa kukonzanso kwa zida, kubweza kukonzanso kwa zida ndi ziwerengero zazinthu zopangira zida, komanso kuwunika kwa zida zachitsulo.

Pa kukhulupirika ndi chitetezo cha data, timagwiritsa ntchito ma code kuti tigwiritse ntchito zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi kuchira, ndipo oyang'anira dongosolo amathanso kusunga ndi kubwezeretsa deta pamanja.Ukadaulo wina ndi njira yovomerezeka yovomerezeka, pomwe woyang'anira amapereka zilolezo zosiyanasiyana zoyang'anira malinga ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana a woyendetsa injiniya.

bata

Makina apakompyuta amatenga Windows XP Advanced Server, ndipo kudzera mukusonkhanitsa deta yakumbuyo, amapereka mainjiniya omwe ali ndi kasitomala wochita bwino kwambiri komanso nsanja ya seva.Njira yopangira deta pogwiritsa ntchito dongosololi ndiyosavuta.Itha kukonza mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndikusindikiza malipoti a data.Deta zovuta ndi malipoti zitha kukonzedwa mwaulere.